fixed bugs and python3 updates for the twitter projects

[twitter-api-cdsw] / tweepy / api.py

diff --git a/tweepy/api.py b/tweepy/api.py
index 1d530790290e0e84ccc629d306f9537b3dba2bca..4744275829945ed6e0e52f1befe5b3d091d4cc2a 100644 (file)
--- a/tweepy/api.py
+++ b/tweepy/api.py
@@ -2,12 +2,16 @@
 # Copyright 2009-2010 Joshua Roesslein
 # See LICENSE for details.
 
 # Copyright 2009-2010 Joshua Roesslein
 # See LICENSE for details.
 

+from __future__ import print_function
+

 import os
 import mimetypes
 
 import os
 import mimetypes
 

+import six
+

 from tweepy.binder import bind_api
 from tweepy.error import TweepError
 from tweepy.binder import bind_api
 from tweepy.error import TweepError

-from tweepy.parsers import ModelParser
+from tweepy.parsers import ModelParser, Parser

 from tweepy.utils import list_to_csv
 
 
 from tweepy.utils import list_to_csv
 
 


@@ -15,698 +19,1269 @@ class API(object):
     """Twitter API"""
 
     def __init__(self, auth_handler=None,
     """Twitter API"""
 
     def __init__(self, auth_handler=None,

-            host='api.twitter.com', search_host='search.twitter.com',
-             cache=None, secure=True, api_root='/1.1', search_root='',
-            retry_count=0, retry_delay=0, retry_errors=None, timeout=60,
-            parser=None, compression=False):
+                 host='api.twitter.com', search_host='search.twitter.com',
+                 upload_host='upload.twitter.com', cache=None, api_root='/1.1',
+                 search_root='', upload_root='/1.1', retry_count=0,
+                 retry_delay=0, retry_errors=None, timeout=60, parser=None,
+                 compression=False, wait_on_rate_limit=False,
+                 wait_on_rate_limit_notify=False, proxy=''):
+        """ Api instance Constructor
+
+        :param auth_handler:
+        :param host:  url of the server of the rest api, default:'api.twitter.com'
+        :param search_host: url of the search server, default:'search.twitter.com'
+        :param upload_host: url of the upload server, default:'upload.twitter.com'
+        :param cache: Cache to query if a GET method is used, default:None
+        :param api_root: suffix of the api version, default:'/1.1'
+        :param search_root: suffix of the search version, default:''
+        :param upload_root: suffix of the upload version, default:'/1.1'
+        :param retry_count: number of allowed retries, default:0
+        :param retry_delay: delay in second between retries, default:0
+        :param retry_errors: default:None
+        :param timeout: delay before to consider the request as timed out in seconds, default:60
+        :param parser: ModelParser instance to parse the responses, default:None
+        :param compression: If the response is compressed, default:False
+        :param wait_on_rate_limit: If the api wait when it hits the rate limit, default:False
+        :param wait_on_rate_limit_notify: If the api print a notification when the rate limit is hit, default:False
+        :param proxy: Url to use as proxy during the HTTP request, default:''
+
+        :raise TypeError: If the given parser is not a ModelParser instance.
+        """

         self.auth = auth_handler
         self.host = host
         self.search_host = search_host
         self.auth = auth_handler
         self.host = host
         self.search_host = search_host

+        self.upload_host = upload_host

         self.api_root = api_root
         self.search_root = search_root
         self.api_root = api_root
         self.search_root = search_root

+        self.upload_root = upload_root

         self.cache = cache
         self.cache = cache

-        self.secure = secure

         self.compression = compression
         self.retry_count = retry_count
         self.retry_delay = retry_delay
         self.retry_errors = retry_errors
         self.timeout = timeout
         self.compression = compression
         self.retry_count = retry_count
         self.retry_delay = retry_delay
         self.retry_errors = retry_errors
         self.timeout = timeout

+        self.wait_on_rate_limit = wait_on_rate_limit
+        self.wait_on_rate_limit_notify = wait_on_rate_limit_notify

         self.parser = parser or ModelParser()
         self.parser = parser or ModelParser()

+        self.proxy = {}
+        if proxy:
+            self.proxy['https'] = proxy
+
+        # Attempt to explain more clearly the parser argument requirements
+        # https://github.com/tweepy/tweepy/issues/421
+        #
+        parser_type = Parser
+        if not isinstance(self.parser, parser_type):
+            raise TypeError(
+                '"parser" argument has to be an instance of "{required}".'
+                ' It is currently a {actual}.'.format(
+                    required=parser_type.__name__,
+                    actual=type(self.parser)
+                )
+            )
+
+    @property
+    def home_timeline(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/statuses/home_timeline
+            :allowed_param:'since_id', 'max_id', 'count'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/statuses/home_timeline.json',
+            payload_type='status', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['since_id', 'max_id', 'count'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    def statuses_lookup(self, id_, include_entities=None,
+                        trim_user=None, map_=None):
+        return self._statuses_lookup(list_to_csv(id_), include_entities,
+                                     trim_user, map_)
+
+    @property
+    def _statuses_lookup(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/statuses/lookup
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'include_entities', 'trim_user', 'map'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/statuses/lookup.json',
+            payload_type='status', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['id', 'include_entities', 'trim_user', 'map'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def user_timeline(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/statuses/user_timeline
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'since_id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/statuses/user_timeline.json',
+            payload_type='status', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'since_id',
+                           'max_id', 'count', 'include_rts']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def mentions_timeline(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/statuses/mentions_timeline
+            :allowed_param:'since_id', 'max_id', 'count'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/statuses/mentions_timeline.json',
+            payload_type='status', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['since_id', 'max_id', 'count'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def related_results(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/get/related_results/show/%3id.format
+            :allowed_param:'id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/related_results/show/{id}.json',
+            payload_type='relation', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['id'],
+            require_auth=False
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def retweets_of_me(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/statuses/retweets_of_me
+            :allowed_param:'since_id', 'max_id', 'count'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/statuses/retweets_of_me.json',
+            payload_type='status', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['since_id', 'max_id', 'count'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def get_status(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/statuses/show/%3Aid
+            :allowed_param:'id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/statuses/show.json',
+            payload_type='status',
+            allowed_param=['id']
+        )
+
+    def update_status(self, media_ids=None, *args, **kwargs):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/statuses/update
+            :allowed_param:'status', 'in_reply_to_status_id', 'lat', 'long', 'source', 'place_id', 'display_coordinates', 'media_ids'
+        """
+        post_data = {}
+        if media_ids is not None:
+            post_data["media_ids"] = list_to_csv(media_ids)
+        
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/statuses/update.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='status',
+            allowed_param=['status', 'in_reply_to_status_id', 'lat', 'long', 'source', 'place_id', 'display_coordinates'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )(post_data=post_data, *args, **kwargs)
+
+    def media_upload(self, filename, *args, **kwargs):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/media/upload
+            :allowed_param:
+        """
+        f = kwargs.pop('file', None)
+        headers, post_data = API._pack_image(filename, 3072, form_field='media', f=f)
+        kwargs.update({'headers': headers, 'post_data': post_data})
+
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/media/upload.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='media',
+            allowed_param=[],
+            require_auth=True,
+            upload_api=True
+        )(*args, **kwargs)

 
 

-    """ statuses/home_timeline """
-    home_timeline = bind_api(
-        path = '/statuses/home_timeline.json',
-        payload_type = 'status', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['since_id', 'max_id', 'count'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ statuses/user_timeline """
-    user_timeline = bind_api(
-        path = '/statuses/user_timeline.json',
-        payload_type = 'status', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'since_id',
-                          'max_id', 'count', 'include_rts']
-    )
-
-    """ statuses/mentions """
-    mentions_timeline = bind_api(
-        path = '/statuses/mentions_timeline.json',
-        payload_type = 'status', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['since_id', 'max_id', 'count'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """/related_results/show/:id.format"""
-    related_results = bind_api(
-        path = '/related_results/show/{id}.json',
-        payload_type = 'relation', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['id'],
-        require_auth = False
-    )
-
-    """ statuses/retweets_of_me """
-    retweets_of_me = bind_api(
-        path = '/statuses/retweets_of_me.json',
-        payload_type = 'status', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['since_id', 'max_id', 'count'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ statuses/show """
-    get_status = bind_api(
-        path = '/statuses/show.json',
-        payload_type = 'status',
-        allowed_param = ['id']
-    )
-
-    """ statuses/update """
-    update_status = bind_api(
-        path = '/statuses/update.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'status',
-        allowed_param = ['status', 'in_reply_to_status_id', 'lat', 'long', 'source', 'place_id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ statuses/update_with_media """

     def update_with_media(self, filename, *args, **kwargs):
     def update_with_media(self, filename, *args, **kwargs):

-        headers, post_data = API._pack_image(filename, 3072, form_field='media[]')
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/statuses/update_with_media
+            :allowed_param:'status', 'possibly_sensitive', 'in_reply_to_status_id', 'lat', 'long', 'place_id', 'display_coordinates'
+        """
+        f = kwargs.pop('file', None)
+        headers, post_data = API._pack_image(filename, 3072, form_field='media[]', f=f)

         kwargs.update({'headers': headers, 'post_data': post_data})
 
         return bind_api(
         kwargs.update({'headers': headers, 'post_data': post_data})
 
         return bind_api(

+            api=self,

             path='/statuses/update_with_media.json',
             path='/statuses/update_with_media.json',

-            method = 'POST',
+            method='POST',

             payload_type='status',
             payload_type='status',

-            allowed_param = [
+            allowed_param=[

                 'status', 'possibly_sensitive', 'in_reply_to_status_id', 'lat', 'long',
                 'place_id', 'display_coordinates'
             ],
             require_auth=True
                 'status', 'possibly_sensitive', 'in_reply_to_status_id', 'lat', 'long',
                 'place_id', 'display_coordinates'
             ],
             require_auth=True

-        )(self, *args, **kwargs)
-
-    """ statuses/destroy """
-    destroy_status = bind_api(
-        path = '/statuses/destroy/{id}.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'status',
-        allowed_param = ['id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ statuses/retweet """
-    retweet = bind_api(
-        path = '/statuses/retweet/{id}.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'status',
-        allowed_param = ['id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ statuses/retweets """
-    retweets = bind_api(
-        path = '/statuses/retweets/{id}.json',
-        payload_type = 'status', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'count'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    retweeters = bind_api(
-        path = '/statuses/retweeters/ids.json',
-        payload_type = 'ids',
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'cursor', 'stringify_ids']
-    )
-
-    """ users/show """
-    get_user = bind_api(
-        path = '/users/show.json',
-        payload_type = 'user',
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name']
-    )
-
-    ''' statuses/oembed '''
-    get_oembed = bind_api(
-        path = '/statuses/oembed.json',
-        payload_type = 'json',
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'url', 'maxwidth', 'hide_media', 'omit_script', 'align', 'related', 'lang']
-    )
-
-    """ Perform bulk look up of users from user ID or screenname """
-    def lookup_users(self, user_ids=None, screen_names=None):
-        return self._lookup_users(list_to_csv(user_ids), list_to_csv(screen_names))
-
-    _lookup_users = bind_api(
-        path = '/users/lookup.json',
-        payload_type = 'user', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['user_id', 'screen_name'],
-    )
-
-    """ Get the authenticated user """
+        )(*args, **kwargs)
+
+    @property
+    def destroy_status(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/statuses/destroy/%3Aid
+            :allowed_param:'id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/statuses/destroy/{id}.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='status',
+            allowed_param=['id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def retweet(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/statuses/retweet/%3Aid
+            :allowed_param:'id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/statuses/retweet/{id}.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='status',
+            allowed_param=['id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def retweets(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/statuses/retweets/%3Aid
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'count'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/statuses/retweets/{id}.json',
+            payload_type='status', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['id', 'count'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def retweeters(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/statuses/retweeters/ids
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'cursor', 'stringify_ids
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/statuses/retweeters/ids.json',
+            payload_type='ids',
+            allowed_param=['id', 'cursor', 'stringify_ids']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def get_user(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/users/show
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'user_id', 'screen_name'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/users/show.json',
+            payload_type='user',
+            allowed_param=['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def get_oembed(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/statuses/oembed
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'url', 'maxwidth', 'hide_media', 'omit_script', 'align', 'related', 'lang'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/statuses/oembed.json',
+            payload_type='json',
+            allowed_param=['id', 'url', 'maxwidth', 'hide_media', 'omit_script', 'align', 'related', 'lang']
+        )
+
+    def lookup_users(self, user_ids=None, screen_names=None, include_entities=None):
+        """ Perform bulk look up of users from user ID or screenname """
+        post_data = {}
+        if include_entities is not None:
+            include_entities = 'true' if include_entities else 'false'
+            post_data['include_entities'] = include_entities
+        if user_ids:
+            post_data['user_id'] = list_to_csv(user_ids)
+        if screen_names:
+            post_data['screen_name'] = list_to_csv(screen_names)
+
+        return self._lookup_users(post_data=post_data)
+
+    @property
+    def _lookup_users(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/users/lookup
+            allowed_param='user_id', 'screen_name', 'include_entities'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/users/lookup.json',
+            payload_type='user', payload_list=True,
+            method='POST',
+        )
+

     def me(self):
     def me(self):

+        """ Get the authenticated user """

         return self.get_user(screen_name=self.auth.get_username())
 
         return self.get_user(screen_name=self.auth.get_username())
 

-    """ users/search """
-    search_users = bind_api(
-        path = '/users/search.json',
-        payload_type = 'user', payload_list = True,
-        require_auth = True,
-        allowed_param = ['q', 'count', 'page']
-    )
-
-    """ users/suggestions/:slug """
-    suggested_users = bind_api(
-        path = '/users/suggestions/{slug}.json',
-        payload_type = 'user', payload_list = True,
-        require_auth = True,
-        allowed_param = ['slug', 'lang']
-    )
-
-    """ users/suggestions """
-    suggested_categories = bind_api(
-        path = '/users/suggestions.json',
-        payload_type = 'category', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['lang'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ users/suggestions/:slug/members """
-    suggested_users_tweets = bind_api(
-        path = '/users/suggestions/{slug}/members.json',
-        payload_type = 'status', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['slug'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ direct_messages """
-    direct_messages = bind_api(
-        path = '/direct_messages.json',
-        payload_type = 'direct_message', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['since_id', 'max_id', 'count'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ direct_messages/show """
-    get_direct_message = bind_api(
-        path = '/direct_messages/show/{id}.json',
-        payload_type = 'direct_message',
-        allowed_param = ['id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ direct_messages/sent """
-    sent_direct_messages = bind_api(
-        path = '/direct_messages/sent.json',
-        payload_type = 'direct_message', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['since_id', 'max_id', 'count', 'page'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ direct_messages/new """
-    send_direct_message = bind_api(
-        path = '/direct_messages/new.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'direct_message',
-        allowed_param = ['user', 'screen_name', 'user_id', 'text'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ direct_messages/destroy """
-    destroy_direct_message = bind_api(
-        path = '/direct_messages/destroy.json',
-        method = 'DELETE',
-        payload_type = 'direct_message',
-        allowed_param = ['id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ friendships/create """
-    create_friendship = bind_api(
-        path = '/friendships/create.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'user',
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'follow'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ friendships/destroy """
-    destroy_friendship = bind_api(
-        path = '/friendships/destroy.json',
-        method = 'DELETE',
-        payload_type = 'user',
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ friendships/show """
-    show_friendship = bind_api(
-        path = '/friendships/show.json',
-        payload_type = 'friendship',
-        allowed_param = ['source_id', 'source_screen_name',
-                          'target_id', 'target_screen_name']
-    )
-
-    """ Perform bulk look up of friendships from user ID or screenname """
+    @property
+    def search_users(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/users/search
+            :allowed_param:'q', 'count', 'page'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/users/search.json',
+            payload_type='user', payload_list=True,
+            require_auth=True,
+            allowed_param=['q', 'count', 'page']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def suggested_users(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/users/suggestions/%3Aslug
+            :allowed_param:'slug', 'lang'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/users/suggestions/{slug}.json',
+            payload_type='user', payload_list=True,
+            require_auth=True,
+            allowed_param=['slug', 'lang']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def suggested_categories(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/users/suggestions
+            :allowed_param:'lang'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/users/suggestions.json',
+            payload_type='category', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['lang'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def suggested_users_tweets(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/users/suggestions/%3Aslug/members
+            :allowed_param:'slug'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/users/suggestions/{slug}/members.json',
+            payload_type='status', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['slug'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def direct_messages(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/direct_messages
+            :allowed_param:'since_id', 'max_id', 'count'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/direct_messages.json',
+            payload_type='direct_message', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['since_id', 'max_id', 'count'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def get_direct_message(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/direct_messages/show
+            :allowed_param:'id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/direct_messages/show/{id}.json',
+            payload_type='direct_message',
+            allowed_param=['id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def sent_direct_messages(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/direct_messages/sent
+            :allowed_param:'since_id', 'max_id', 'count', 'page'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/direct_messages/sent.json',
+            payload_type='direct_message', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['since_id', 'max_id', 'count', 'page'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def send_direct_message(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/direct_messages/new
+            :allowed_param:'user', 'screen_name', 'user_id', 'text'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/direct_messages/new.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='direct_message',
+            allowed_param=['user', 'screen_name', 'user_id', 'text'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def destroy_direct_message(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/direct_messages/destroy
+            :allowed_param:'id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/direct_messages/destroy.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='direct_message',
+            allowed_param=['id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def create_friendship(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/friendships/create
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'follow'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/friendships/create.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='user',
+            allowed_param=['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'follow'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def destroy_friendship(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/friendships/destroy
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'user_id', 'screen_name'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/friendships/destroy.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='user',
+            allowed_param=['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def show_friendship(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/friendships/show
+            :allowed_param:'source_id', 'source_screen_name'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/friendships/show.json',
+            payload_type='friendship',
+            allowed_param=['source_id', 'source_screen_name',
+                           'target_id', 'target_screen_name']
+        )
+

     def lookup_friendships(self, user_ids=None, screen_names=None):
     def lookup_friendships(self, user_ids=None, screen_names=None):

+        """ Perform bulk look up of friendships from user ID or screenname """

         return self._lookup_friendships(list_to_csv(user_ids), list_to_csv(screen_names))
 
         return self._lookup_friendships(list_to_csv(user_ids), list_to_csv(screen_names))
 

-    _lookup_friendships = bind_api(
-        path = '/friendships/lookup.json',
-        payload_type = 'relationship', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['user_id', 'screen_name'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-
-    """ friends/ids """
-    friends_ids = bind_api(
-        path = '/friends/ids.json',
-        payload_type = 'ids',
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'cursor']
-    )
-
-    """ friends/list """
-    friends = bind_api(
-        path = '/friends/list.json',
-        payload_type = 'user', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'cursor']
-    )
-
-    """ friendships/incoming """
-    friendships_incoming = bind_api(
-        path = '/friendships/incoming.json',
-        payload_type = 'ids',
-        allowed_param = ['cursor']
-    )
-
-    """ friendships/outgoing"""
-    friendships_outgoing = bind_api(
-        path = '/friendships/outgoing.json',
-        payload_type = 'ids',
-        allowed_param = ['cursor']
-    )
-
-    """ followers/ids """
-    followers_ids = bind_api(
-        path = '/followers/ids.json',
-        payload_type = 'ids',
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'cursor']
-    )
-
-    """ followers/list """
-    followers = bind_api(
-        path = '/followers/list.json',
-        payload_type = 'user', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'cursor', 'count',
-            'skip_status', 'include_user_entities']
-    )
-
-    """ account/verify_credentials """
+    @property
+    def _lookup_friendships(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/friendships/lookup
+            :allowed_param:'user_id', 'screen_name'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/friendships/lookup.json',
+            payload_type='relationship', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['user_id', 'screen_name'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def friends_ids(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/friends/ids
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'cursor'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/friends/ids.json',
+            payload_type='ids',
+            allowed_param=['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'cursor']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def friends(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/friends/list
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'cursor'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/friends/list.json',
+            payload_type='user', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'cursor']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def friendships_incoming(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/friendships/incoming
+            :allowed_param:'cursor'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/friendships/incoming.json',
+            payload_type='ids',
+            allowed_param=['cursor']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def friendships_outgoing(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/friendships/outgoing
+            :allowed_param:'cursor'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/friendships/outgoing.json',
+            payload_type='ids',
+            allowed_param=['cursor']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def followers_ids(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/followers/ids
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'cursor', 'count'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/followers/ids.json',
+            payload_type='ids',
+            allowed_param=['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'cursor', 'count']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def followers(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/followers/list
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'cursor', 'count', 'skip_status', 'include_user_entities'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/followers/list.json',
+            payload_type='user', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'cursor', 'count',
+                           'skip_status', 'include_user_entities']
+        )
+

     def verify_credentials(self, **kargs):
     def verify_credentials(self, **kargs):

+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/account/verify_credentials
+            :allowed_param:'include_entities', 'skip_status'
+        """

         try:
             return bind_api(
         try:
             return bind_api(

-                path = '/account/verify_credentials.json',
-                payload_type = 'user',
-                require_auth = True,
-                allowed_param = ['include_entities', 'skip_status'],
-            )(self, **kargs)
+                api=self,
+                path='/account/verify_credentials.json',
+                payload_type='user',
+                require_auth=True,
+                allowed_param=['include_entities', 'skip_status'],
+            )(**kargs)

         except TweepError as e:
             if e.response and e.response.status == 401:
                 return False
             raise
 
         except TweepError as e:
             if e.response and e.response.status == 401:
                 return False
             raise
 

-    """ account/rate_limit_status """
-    rate_limit_status = bind_api(
-        path = '/application/rate_limit_status.json',
-        payload_type = 'json',
-        allowed_param = ['resources'],
-        use_cache = False
-    )
-
-    """ account/update_delivery_device """
-    set_delivery_device = bind_api(
-        path = '/account/update_delivery_device.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        allowed_param = ['device'],
-        payload_type = 'user',
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ account/update_profile_colors """
-    update_profile_colors = bind_api(
-        path = '/account/update_profile_colors.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'user',
-        allowed_param = ['profile_background_color', 'profile_text_color',
-                          'profile_link_color', 'profile_sidebar_fill_color',
-                          'profile_sidebar_border_color'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ account/update_profile_image """
-    def update_profile_image(self, filename):
-        headers, post_data = API._pack_image(filename, 700)
-        return bind_api(
-            path = '/account/update_profile_image.json',
-            method = 'POST',
-            payload_type = 'user',
-            require_auth = True
-        )(self, post_data=post_data, headers=headers)
+    @property
+    def rate_limit_status(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/application/rate_limit_status
+            :allowed_param:'resources'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/application/rate_limit_status.json',
+            payload_type='json',
+            allowed_param=['resources'],
+            use_cache=False
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def set_delivery_device(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/account/update_delivery_device
+            :allowed_param:'device'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/account/update_delivery_device.json',
+            method='POST',
+            allowed_param=['device'],
+            payload_type='user',
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def update_profile_colors(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/post/account/update_profile_colors
+            :allowed_param:'profile_background_color', 'profile_text_color',
+             'profile_link_color', 'profile_sidebar_fill_color',
+             'profile_sidebar_border_color'],
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/account/update_profile_colors.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='user',
+            allowed_param=['profile_background_color', 'profile_text_color',
+                           'profile_link_color', 'profile_sidebar_fill_color',
+                           'profile_sidebar_border_color'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )

 
 

-    """ account/update_profile_background_image """
-    def update_profile_background_image(self, filename, *args, **kargs):
-        headers, post_data = API._pack_image(filename, 800)
-        bind_api(
-            path = '/account/update_profile_background_image.json',
-            method = 'POST',
-            payload_type = 'user',
-            allowed_param = ['tile'],
-            require_auth = True
+    def update_profile_image(self, filename, file_=None):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/account/update_profile_image
+            :allowed_param:'include_entities', 'skip_status'
+        """
+        headers, post_data = API._pack_image(filename, 700, f=file_)
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/account/update_profile_image.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='user',
+            allowed_param=['include_entities', 'skip_status'],
+            require_auth=True

         )(self, post_data=post_data, headers=headers)
 
         )(self, post_data=post_data, headers=headers)
 

-    """ account/update_profile_banner """
-    def update_profile_banner(self, filename, *args, **kargs):
-        headers, post_data = API._pack_image(filename, 700, form_field="banner")
+    def update_profile_background_image(self, filename, **kargs):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/account/update_profile_background_image
+            :allowed_param:'tile', 'include_entities', 'skip_status', 'use'
+        """
+        f = kargs.pop('file', None)
+        headers, post_data = API._pack_image(filename, 800, f=f)

         bind_api(
         bind_api(

-            path = '/account/update_profile_banner.json',
-            method = 'POST',
-            allowed_param = ['width', 'height', 'offset_left', 'offset_right'],
-            require_auth = True
-        )(self, post_data=post_data, headers=headers)
+            api=self,
+            path='/account/update_profile_background_image.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='user',
+            allowed_param=['tile', 'include_entities', 'skip_status', 'use'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )(post_data=post_data, headers=headers)
+
+    def update_profile_banner(self, filename, **kargs):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/account/update_profile_banner
+            :allowed_param:'width', 'height', 'offset_left', 'offset_right'
+        """
+        f = kargs.pop('file', None)
+        headers, post_data = API._pack_image(filename, 700, form_field="banner", f=f)
+        bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/account/update_profile_banner.json',
+            method='POST',
+            allowed_param=['width', 'height', 'offset_left', 'offset_right'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )(post_data=post_data, headers=headers)
+
+    @property
+    def update_profile(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/account/update_profile
+            :allowed_param:'name', 'url', 'location', 'description'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/account/update_profile.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='user',
+            allowed_param=['name', 'url', 'location', 'description'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def favorites(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/favorites/list
+            :allowed_param:'screen_name', 'user_id', 'max_id', 'count', 'since_id', 'max_id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/favorites/list.json',
+            payload_type='status', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['screen_name', 'user_id', 'max_id', 'count', 'since_id', 'max_id']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def create_favorite(self):
+        """ :reference:https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/favorites/create
+            :allowed_param:'id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/favorites/create.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='status',
+            allowed_param=['id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def destroy_favorite(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/favorites/destroy
+            :allowed_param:'id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/favorites/destroy.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='status',
+            allowed_param=['id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def create_block(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/blocks/create
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'user_id', 'screen_name'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/blocks/create.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='user',
+            allowed_param=['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def destroy_block(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/blocks/destroy
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'user_id', 'screen_name'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/blocks/destroy.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='user',
+            allowed_param=['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def blocks(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/blocks/list
+            :allowed_param:'cursor'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/blocks/list.json',
+            payload_type='user', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['cursor'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )

 
 

+    @property
+    def blocks_ids(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/blocks/ids """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/blocks/ids.json',
+            payload_type='json',
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def report_spam(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/users/report_spam
+            :allowed_param:'user_id', 'screen_name'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/users/report_spam.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='user',
+            allowed_param=['user_id', 'screen_name'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def saved_searches(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/saved_searches/show/%3Aid """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/saved_searches/list.json',
+            payload_type='saved_search', payload_list=True,
+            require_auth=True
+        )

 
 

-    """ account/update_profile """
-    update_profile = bind_api(
-        path = '/account/update_profile.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'user',
-        allowed_param = ['name', 'url', 'location', 'description'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ favorites """
-    favorites = bind_api(
-        path = '/favorites/list.json',
-        payload_type = 'status', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['screen_name', 'user_id', 'max_id', 'count', 'since_id', 'max_id']
-    )
-
-    """ favorites/create """
-    create_favorite = bind_api(
-        path = '/favorites/create.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'status',
-        allowed_param = ['id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ favorites/destroy """
-    destroy_favorite = bind_api(
-        path = '/favorites/destroy.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'status',
-        allowed_param = ['id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ blocks/create """
-    create_block = bind_api(
-        path = '/blocks/create.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'user',
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ blocks/destroy """
-    destroy_block = bind_api(
-        path = '/blocks/destroy.json',
-        method = 'DELETE',
-        payload_type = 'user',
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'user_id', 'screen_name'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ blocks/blocking """
-    blocks = bind_api(
-        path = '/blocks/list.json',
-        payload_type = 'user', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['cursor'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ blocks/blocking/ids """
-    blocks_ids = bind_api(
-        path = '/blocks/ids.json',
-        payload_type = 'json',
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ report_spam """
-    report_spam = bind_api(
-        path = '/users/report_spam.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'user',
-        allowed_param = ['user_id', 'screen_name'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ saved_searches """
-    saved_searches = bind_api(
-        path = '/saved_searches/list.json',
-        payload_type = 'saved_search', payload_list = True,
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ saved_searches/show """
-    get_saved_search = bind_api(
-        path = '/saved_searches/show/{id}.json',
-        payload_type = 'saved_search',
-        allowed_param = ['id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ saved_searches/create """
-    create_saved_search = bind_api(
-        path = '/saved_searches/create.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'saved_search',
-        allowed_param = ['query'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ saved_searches/destroy """
-    destroy_saved_search = bind_api(
-        path = '/saved_searches/destroy/{id}.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'saved_search',
-        allowed_param = ['id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    create_list = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/create.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'list',
-        allowed_param = ['name', 'mode', 'description'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    destroy_list = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/destroy.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'list',
-        allowed_param = ['owner_screen_name', 'owner_id', 'list_id', 'slug'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    update_list = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/update.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'list',
-        allowed_param = ['list_id', 'slug', 'name', 'mode', 'description', 'owner_screen_name', 'owner_id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    lists_all = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/list.json',
-        payload_type = 'list', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['screen_name', 'user_id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    lists_memberships = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/memberships.json',
-        payload_type = 'list', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['screen_name', 'user_id', 'filter_to_owned_lists', 'cursor'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    lists_subscriptions = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/subscriptions.json',
-        payload_type = 'list', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['screen_name', 'user_id', 'cursor'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    list_timeline = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/statuses.json',
-        payload_type = 'status', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'owner_id', 'list_id', 'since_id', 'max_id', 'count', 'include_rts']
-    )
-
-    get_list = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/show.json',
-        payload_type = 'list',
-        allowed_param = ['owner_screen_name', 'owner_id', 'slug', 'list_id']
-    )
-
-    add_list_member = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/members/create.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'list',
-        allowed_param = ['screen_name', 'user_id', 'owner_screen_name', 'owner_id', 'slug', 'list_id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    remove_list_member = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/members/destroy.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'list',
-        allowed_param = ['screen_name', 'user_id', 'owner_screen_name', 'owner_id', 'slug', 'list_id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    list_members = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/members.json',
-        payload_type = 'user', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'list_id', 'owner_id', 'cursor']
-    )
-
-    show_list_member = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/members/show.json',
-        payload_type = 'user',
-        allowed_param = ['list_id', 'slug', 'user_id', 'screen_name', 'owner_screen_name', 'owner_id']
-    )
-
-    subscribe_list = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/subscribers/create.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'list',
-        allowed_param = ['owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'owner_id', 'list_id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    unsubscribe_list = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/subscribers/destroy.json',
-        method = 'POST',
-        payload_type = 'list',
-        allowed_param = ['owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'owner_id', 'list_id'],
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    list_subscribers = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/subscribers.json',
-        payload_type = 'user', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'owner_id', 'list_id', 'cursor']
-    )
-
-    show_list_subscriber = bind_api(
-        path = '/lists/subscribers/show.json',
-        payload_type = 'user',
-        allowed_param = ['owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'screen_name', 'owner_id', 'list_id', 'user_id']
-    )
-
-    """ trends/available """
-    trends_available = bind_api(
-        path = '/trends/available.json',
-        payload_type = 'json'
-    )
-
-    trends_place = bind_api(
-        path = '/trends/place.json',
-        payload_type = 'json',
-        allowed_param = ['id', 'exclude']
-    )
-
-    trends_closest = bind_api(
-        path = '/trends/closest.json',
-        payload_type = 'json',
-        allowed_param = ['lat', 'long']
-    )
-
-    """ search """
-    search = bind_api(
-        path = '/search/tweets.json',
-        payload_type = 'search_results',
-        allowed_param = ['q', 'lang', 'locale', 'since_id', 'geocode', 'max_id', 'since', 'until', 'result_type', 'count', 'include_entities', 'from', 'to', 'source']
-    )
-
-    """ trends/daily """
-    trends_daily = bind_api(
-        path = '/trends/daily.json',
-        payload_type = 'json',
-        allowed_param = ['date', 'exclude']
-    )
-
-    """ trends/weekly """
-    trends_weekly = bind_api(
-        path = '/trends/weekly.json',
-        payload_type = 'json',
-        allowed_param = ['date', 'exclude']
-    )
-
-    """ geo/reverse_geocode """
-    reverse_geocode = bind_api(
-        path = '/geo/reverse_geocode.json',
-        payload_type = 'place', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['lat', 'long', 'accuracy', 'granularity', 'max_results']
-    )
-
-    """ geo/id """
-    geo_id = bind_api(
-        path = '/geo/id/{id}.json',
-        payload_type = 'place',
-        allowed_param = ['id']
-    )
-
-    """ geo/search """
-    geo_search = bind_api(
-        path = '/geo/search.json',
-        payload_type = 'place', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['lat', 'long', 'query', 'ip', 'granularity', 'accuracy', 'max_results', 'contained_within']
-    )
-
-    """ geo/similar_places """
-    geo_similar_places = bind_api(
-        path = '/geo/similar_places.json',
-        payload_type = 'place', payload_list = True,
-        allowed_param = ['lat', 'long', 'name', 'contained_within']
-    )
-
-    """ help/languages.json """
-    supported_languages = bind_api(
-        path = '/help/languages.json',
-        payload_type = 'json',
-        require_auth = True
-    )
-
-    """ help/configuration """
-    configuration = bind_api(
-        path = '/help/configuration.json',
-        payload_type = 'json',
-        require_auth = True
-    )
+    @property
+    def get_saved_search(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/saved_searches/show/%3Aid
+            :allowed_param:'id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/saved_searches/show/{id}.json',
+            payload_type='saved_search',
+            allowed_param=['id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def create_saved_search(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/saved_searches/create
+            :allowed_param:'query'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/saved_searches/create.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='saved_search',
+            allowed_param=['query'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def destroy_saved_search(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/saved_searches/destroy/%3Aid
+            :allowed_param:'id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/saved_searches/destroy/{id}.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='saved_search',
+            allowed_param=['id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def create_list(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/lists/create
+            :allowed_param:'name', 'mode', 'description'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/create.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='list',
+            allowed_param=['name', 'mode', 'description'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def destroy_list(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/lists/destroy
+            :allowed_param:'owner_screen_name', 'owner_id', 'list_id', 'slug'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/destroy.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='list',
+            allowed_param=['owner_screen_name', 'owner_id', 'list_id', 'slug'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def update_list(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/post/lists/update
+            :allowed_param: list_id', 'slug', 'name', 'mode', 'description', 'owner_screen_name', 'owner_id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/update.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='list',
+            allowed_param=['list_id', 'slug', 'name', 'mode', 'description', 'owner_screen_name', 'owner_id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def lists_all(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/lists/list
+            :allowed_param:'screen_name', 'user_id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/list.json',
+            payload_type='list', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['screen_name', 'user_id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def lists_memberships(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/lists/memberships
+            :allowed_param:'screen_name', 'user_id', 'filter_to_owned_lists', 'cursor'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/memberships.json',
+            payload_type='list', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['screen_name', 'user_id', 'filter_to_owned_lists', 'cursor'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def lists_subscriptions(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/lists/subscriptions
+            :allowed_param:'screen_name', 'user_id', 'cursor'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/subscriptions.json',
+            payload_type='list', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['screen_name', 'user_id', 'cursor'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def list_timeline(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/get/lists/statuses
+            :allowed_param:'owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'owner_id', 'list_id',
+             'since_id', 'max_id', 'count', 'include_rts
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/statuses.json',
+            payload_type='status', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'owner_id',
+                           'list_id', 'since_id', 'max_id', 'count',
+                           'include_rts']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def get_list(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/lists/show
+            :allowed_param:'owner_screen_name', 'owner_id', 'slug', 'list_id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/show.json',
+            payload_type='list',
+            allowed_param=['owner_screen_name', 'owner_id', 'slug', 'list_id']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def add_list_member(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/post/lists/members/create
+            :allowed_param:'screen_name', 'user_id', 'owner_screen_name',
+             'owner_id', 'slug', 'list_id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/members/create.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='list',
+            allowed_param=['screen_name', 'user_id', 'owner_screen_name',
+                           'owner_id', 'slug', 'list_id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def remove_list_member(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/post/lists/members/destroy
+            :allowed_param:'screen_name', 'user_id', 'owner_screen_name',
+             'owner_id', 'slug', 'list_id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/members/destroy.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='list',
+            allowed_param=['screen_name', 'user_id', 'owner_screen_name',
+                           'owner_id', 'slug', 'list_id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    def add_list_members(self, screen_name=None, user_id=None, slug=None,
+                         list_id=None, owner_id=None, owner_screen_name=None):
+        """ Perform bulk add of list members from user ID or screenname """
+        return self._add_list_members(list_to_csv(screen_name),
+                                      list_to_csv(user_id),
+                                      slug, list_id, owner_id,
+                                      owner_screen_name)
+
+    @property
+    def _add_list_members(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/post/lists/members/create_all
+            :allowed_param:'screen_name', 'user_id', 'slug', 'lit_id',
+            'owner_id', 'owner_screen_name'
+
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/members/create_all.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='list',
+            allowed_param=['screen_name', 'user_id', 'slug', 'lit_id',
+                           'owner_id', 'owner_screen_name'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    def remove_list_members(self, screen_name=None, user_id=None, slug=None,
+                            list_id=None, owner_id=None, owner_screen_name=None):
+        """ Perform bulk remove of list members from user ID or screenname """
+        return self._remove_list_members(list_to_csv(screen_name),
+                                         list_to_csv(user_id),
+                                         slug, list_id, owner_id,
+                                         owner_screen_name)
+
+    @property
+    def _remove_list_members(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/post/lists/members/destroy_all
+            :allowed_param:'screen_name', 'user_id', 'slug', 'lit_id',
+            'owner_id', 'owner_screen_name'
+
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/members/destroy_all.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='list',
+            allowed_param=['screen_name', 'user_id', 'slug', 'lit_id',
+                           'owner_id', 'owner_screen_name'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def list_members(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/get/lists/members
+            :allowed_param:'owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'list_id',
+             'owner_id', 'cursor
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/members.json',
+            payload_type='user', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'list_id',
+                           'owner_id', 'cursor']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def show_list_member(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/get/lists/members/show
+            :allowed_param:'list_id', 'slug', 'user_id', 'screen_name',
+             'owner_screen_name', 'owner_id
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/members/show.json',
+            payload_type='user',
+            allowed_param=['list_id', 'slug', 'user_id', 'screen_name',
+                           'owner_screen_name', 'owner_id']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def subscribe_list(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/post/lists/subscribers/create
+            :allowed_param:'owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'owner_id',
+            'list_id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/subscribers/create.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='list',
+            allowed_param=['owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'owner_id',
+                           'list_id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def unsubscribe_list(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/post/lists/subscribers/destroy
+            :allowed_param:'owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'owner_id',
+            'list_id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/subscribers/destroy.json',
+            method='POST',
+            payload_type='list',
+            allowed_param=['owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'owner_id',
+                           'list_id'],
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def list_subscribers(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/get/lists/subscribers
+            :allowed_param:'owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'owner_id',
+             'list_id', 'cursor
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/subscribers.json',
+            payload_type='user', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'owner_id',
+                           'list_id', 'cursor']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def show_list_subscriber(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/get/lists/subscribers/show
+            :allowed_param:'owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'screen_name',
+             'owner_id', 'list_id', 'user_id
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/lists/subscribers/show.json',
+            payload_type='user',
+            allowed_param=['owner_screen_name', 'slug', 'screen_name',
+                           'owner_id', 'list_id', 'user_id']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def trends_available(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/trends/available """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/trends/available.json',
+            payload_type='json'
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def trends_place(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/trends/place
+            :allowed_param:'id', 'exclude'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/trends/place.json',
+            payload_type='json',
+            allowed_param=['id', 'exclude']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def trends_closest(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/trends/closest
+            :allowed_param:'lat', 'long'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/trends/closest.json',
+            payload_type='json',
+            allowed_param=['lat', 'long']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def search(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/search/tweets
+            :allowed_param:'q', 'lang', 'locale', 'since_id', 'geocode',
+             'max_id', 'since', 'until', 'result_type', 'count',
+              'include_entities', 'from', 'to', 'source']
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/search/tweets.json',
+            payload_type='search_results',
+            allowed_param=['q', 'lang', 'locale', 'since_id', 'geocode',
+                           'max_id', 'since', 'until', 'result_type',
+                           'count', 'include_entities', 'from',
+                           'to', 'source']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def reverse_geocode(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/geo/reverse_geocode
+            :allowed_param:'lat', 'long', 'accuracy', 'granularity', 'max_results'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/geo/reverse_geocode.json',
+            payload_type='place', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['lat', 'long', 'accuracy', 'granularity',
+                           'max_results']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def geo_id(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/geo/id/%3Aplace_id
+            :allowed_param:'id'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/geo/id/{id}.json',
+            payload_type='place',
+            allowed_param=['id']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def geo_search(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/docs/api/1.1/get/geo/search
+            :allowed_param:'lat', 'long', 'query', 'ip', 'granularity',
+             'accuracy', 'max_results', 'contained_within
+
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/geo/search.json',
+            payload_type='place', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['lat', 'long', 'query', 'ip', 'granularity',
+                           'accuracy', 'max_results', 'contained_within']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def geo_similar_places(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/geo/similar_places
+            :allowed_param:'lat', 'long', 'name', 'contained_within'
+        """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/geo/similar_places.json',
+            payload_type='place', payload_list=True,
+            allowed_param=['lat', 'long', 'name', 'contained_within']
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def supported_languages(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/help/languages """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/help/languages.json',
+            payload_type='json',
+            require_auth=True
+        )
+
+    @property
+    def configuration(self):
+        """ :reference: https://dev.twitter.com/rest/reference/get/help/configuration """
+        return bind_api(
+            api=self,
+            path='/help/configuration.json',
+            payload_type='json',
+            require_auth=True
+        )

 
     """ Internal use only """
 
     """ Internal use only """

+

     @staticmethod
     @staticmethod

-    def _pack_image(filename, max_size, form_field="image"):
+    def _pack_image(filename, max_size, form_field="image", f=None):

         """Pack image from file into multipart-formdata post body"""
         # image must be less than 700kb in size
         """Pack image from file into multipart-formdata post body"""
         # image must be less than 700kb in size

-        try:
-            if os.path.getsize(filename) > (max_size * 1024):
-                raise TweepError('File is too big, must be less than 700kb.')
-        except os.error:
-            raise TweepError('Unable to access file')
+        if f is None:
+            try:
+                if os.path.getsize(filename) > (max_size * 1024):
+                    raise TweepError('File is too big, must be less than %skb.' % max_size)
+            except os.error as e:
+                raise TweepError('Unable to access file: %s' % e.strerror)
+
+            # build the mulitpart-formdata body
+            fp = open(filename, 'rb')
+        else:
+            f.seek(0, 2)  # Seek to end of file
+            if f.tell() > (max_size * 1024):
+                raise TweepError('File is too big, must be less than %skb.' % max_size)
+            f.seek(0)  # Reset to beginning of file
+            fp = f

 
         # image must be gif, jpeg, or png
         file_type = mimetypes.guess_type(filename)
 
         # image must be gif, jpeg, or png
         file_type = mimetypes.guess_type(filename)


@@ -716,19 +1291,22 @@ class API(object):
         if file_type not in ['image/gif', 'image/jpeg', 'image/png']:
             raise TweepError('Invalid file type for image: %s' % file_type)
 
         if file_type not in ['image/gif', 'image/jpeg', 'image/png']:
             raise TweepError('Invalid file type for image: %s' % file_type)
 

-        # build the mulitpart-formdata body
-        fp = open(filename, 'rb')
-        BOUNDARY = 'Tw3ePy'
-        body = []
-        body.append('--' + BOUNDARY)
-        body.append('Content-Disposition: form-data; name="%s"; filename="%s"' % (form_field, filename))
-        body.append('Content-Type: %s' % file_type)
-        body.append('')
+        if isinstance(filename, six.text_type):
+            filename = filename.encode("utf-8")
+
+        BOUNDARY = b'Tw3ePy'
+        body = list()
+        body.append(b'--' + BOUNDARY)
+        body.append('Content-Disposition: form-data; name="{0}";'
+                    ' filename="{1}"'.format(form_field, filename)
+                    .encode('utf-8'))
+        body.append('Content-Type: {0}'.format(file_type).encode('utf-8'))
+        body.append(b'')

         body.append(fp.read())
         body.append(fp.read())

-        body.append('--' + BOUNDARY + '--')
-        body.append('')
+        body.append(b'--' + BOUNDARY + b'--')
+        body.append(b'')

         fp.close()
         fp.close()

-        body = '\r\n'.join(body)
+        body = b'\r\n'.join(body)

 
         # build headers
         headers = {
 
         # build headers
         headers = {


@@ -737,4 +1315,3 @@ class API(object):
         }
 
         return headers, body
         }
 
         return headers, body

-